Babyn Yar
Saturday, 30 September 2023 - 11:00 am (CET/MEZ) Berlin | Author/Destination: European Union / Europäische Union General
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Soviet POWs covering a mass grave after the Babi Yar massacre, October 1, 1941 © history.kby.kiev.ua – Johannes Hähle
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Babiyn Yar (Ukrainian) or Babi Yar (Russian) is a
ravine in the
Ukrainian capital
Kyiv and a site of massacres carried out by
Nazi Germany ‘s forces during
its campaign against the
Soviet Union in
World War II . The first and best documented of the massacres took place on 29–30 September 1941, killing some 33,771
Jews . Other victims of massacres at the site included Soviet
prisoners of war , communists and
Romani people . It is estimated that a total of between 100,000 and 150,000 people were murdered at Babi Yar during the German occupation.
The decision to murder all the Jews in Kyiv was made by the military governor Generalmajor Kurt Eberhard , the Police Commander for Army Group South, SS-Obergruppenführer Friedrich Jeckeln , and the Einsatzgruppe C Commander Otto Rasch . Sonderkommando 4a as the sub-unit of Einsatzgruppe C, along with the aid of the SD Order Police battalions with the Ukrainian Auxiliary Police backed by the Wehrmacht
Soviet POWs covering a mass grave after the Babi Yar massacre, October 1, 1941 © history.kby.kiev.ua - Johannes Hähle
The massacre was the largest mass-murder by the Nazi regime during the campaign against the Soviet Union, and it has been called “the largest single massacre in the history of
the Holocaust ” to that particular date. It is only surpassed overall by the later
October 1941 Odessa massacre of more than 50,000 Jews (committed by German and
Romanian troops ), and by
Aktion Erntefest of November 1943 in
occupied Poland with 42,000–43,000 victims.
The Babi Yar (Babyn Yar) ravine was first mentioned in historical accounts in 1401, in connection to the sale of it by “baba” (an old woman) who was also the
cantiniere in the
Dominican Monastery. The word “yar” is
Turkic in origin and means “gully” or “ravine”. Over several centuries, the site was used for various purposes, including military camps and at least two cemeteries, including an
Orthodox Christian cemetery and a Jewish cemetery. The latter was officially closed in 1937.
Read more on
Wikipedia Babi Yar memorials ,
Wikipedia Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center ,
Wikipedia Battle of Kiev (1941) and
Wikipedia Babi Yar (
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