The Falkland Islands
Monday, 6 April 2015 - 01:00 pm (CET/MEZ) Berlin | Author/Destination: Great Britain / Großbritannien Category/Kategorie: General
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Stanley © CHK46/cc-by-sa-4.0
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The Falkland Islands are an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the
Patagonian Shelf . The principal islands are about 300 miles (480 km) east of South America’s southern
Patagonian coast, at a latitude of about 52°S. The archipelago, with an area of 4,700 square miles (12,000 km2), comprises
East Falkland ,
West Falkland and 776 smaller islands. As a
British overseas territory , the Falklands have
internal self-governance , and the United Kingdom takes responsibility for their defence and foreign affairs. The islands’ capital is
Stanley on East Falkland.
Controversy exists over the Falklands’ discovery and subsequent colonisation by Europeans. At various times, the islands have had French, British, Spanish, and Argentine settlements. Britain reasserted its rule in 1833 , although Argentina maintains its claim to the islands . In April 1982, Argentine forces temporarily occupied the islands . British administration was restored two months later at the end of the Falklands War .
Colony of southern rockhopper penguins on Saunders Island © flickr.com - Ben Tubby/cc-by-2.0
The population primarily consists of native
Falkland Islanders , the majority of British descent. Other ethnicities include French, Gibraltarian and Scandinavian. Immigration from the United Kingdom, the South Atlantic island of
Saint Helena , and Chile has reversed a population decline. The predominant (and official) language is English. Under the
British Nationality (Falkland Islands) Act 1983 , Falkland Islanders are
British citizens .
The islands lie on the boundary of the subantarctic oceanic and tundra climate zones, and both major islands have mountain ranges reaching 2,300 feet (700 m). They are home to large bird populations, although many no longer breed on the main islands because of competition from introduced species. Major economic activities include fishing, tourism and sheep farming, with an emphasis on high-quality wool exports. Oil exploration, licensed by the
Falkland Islands Government , remains controversial as a result of maritime disputes with Argentina.
Read more on
Falklandinseln ,
Falklandinseln Tourism ,
Falkland Islands Development Corporation ,
Bluff Cove Lagoon ,
Wikitravel Falklandinseln and
Wikipedia Falklandinseln . Learn more about the
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